trespass offering: It is remarkable, that in this and the following verse, the sacrifice offered is indifferently called asham:, a trespass offering, and chattath:, a sin offering; yet the Marginal References show that these differ in several respects. Sin offerings were sometimes offered for the whole congregation; trespass offerings never, but only for particular persons. Bullocks were sometimes used for sin offerings, never for trespass offerings. The blood of the sin offerings was put on the horns of the altar, that of the trespass offerings was only sprinkled round the bottom of the altar. The sin offering seems to have been for the expiation of offences committed in matters of religion, from a mistake or inadvertency respecting the law; but the trespass offering was required for the casual deviations from the ritual law, when well known, or for crimes against moral precepts, implying injustice to man. Leviticus 4:28, Leviticus 4:32, Leviticus 6:6, Leviticus 7:1-7, Leviticus 14:12-13, Leviticus 19:21-22; Numbers 6:12; Ezekiel 40:39, Ezekiel 42:13
a female: Leviticus 4:28, Leviticus 4:32
the priest: Leviticus 4:20