whatsoever: Jeremiah 44:25; Numbers 30:2, Numbers 30:12; Deuteronomy 23:23; Judges 11:36; Psalms 12:4; Mark 6:26
queen of heaven: or, frame of heaven. As the Sun was worshipped, not only under the name of baal shamayim: "Lord of heaven," but also by that of Molech: or King; it is likely also that the Moon was adored as melecheth hashshamayim: "the Queen of heaven." So the Orphic hymn addressed to the Moon begins Κλυθι θεα ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ:, "Hear, goddess Queen." And Homer, in his Hymn to the Moon, addresses her, Χαιρε:, ανασσα:, θεα: "All hail, Queen, goddess." In Epiphanius, we find some women of Arabia, towards the end of the fourth century, had set up another queen of heaven, the Virgin Mary, too well known since under that name and character, whom they likewise worshipped as a goddess, by holding stated assemblies every year to her honour, and by offering a cake of bread in her name; whence these heretics were called Collyridians, from the Greek κολλυρις:, a cake. Jeremiah 7:18; 2 Kings 17:16
our fathers: Nehemiah 9:34; Psalms 106:6; Ezekiel 20:8; Daniel 9:5-6, Daniel 9:8; 1 Peter 1:18
in the cities: Jeremiah 44:9, Jeremiah 44:21
victuals: Heb. bread