And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues; the rest of mankind (Revised Version). That is, the two thirds (Revelation 9:18). Some understand "these plagues" to refer to the first six trumpets.
It may be so, but it seems more correct to limit it to the sixth, as the same phrase, which occurs in Revelation 9:18, must be so limited. Mankind must be taken to mean the worldly only. Of the ungodly, some are killed (the third part), the rest yet do not repent.
The vision is not concerned with the fate of the righteous. Yet repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk.
"The works of their hands" refers to idolatry, as shown by the succeeding words. This verse begins to prepare us for the seventh judgment. Men will not repent; therefore the last final judgment becomes necessary.
The absurdity of idolatrous worship is frequently thus set forth by Old Testament writers (cf. Psalms 115:4; Psalms 135:15; Isaiah 2:8; Ezekiel 22:1, Ezekiel 22:4; Hosea 13:2). See also the description in Daniel 5:23 which seems to have suggested the wording of this part of the vision.
It has been well remarked that in this verse mention is made of sins against God; in the following verse man's sins against his neighbours are detailed.