Who are Israelites,.... Which were their national name, as descended from Jacob, whose name was Israel; and it was accounted a very honourable one; see Php 3:5; and the very name they bore gave the apostle some concern that they should be cut off; and then he proceeds to enumerate the several distinguishing favours and privileges they had been partakers of:to whom pertaineth the adoption; not that special adoption, which springs from eternal predestination, is a blessing of the covenant of grace, comes through the redemption of Christ, and is received and enjoyed only by believers in him; for all that were Israelites, were not in this sense the children of God; but national adoption is here meant, by which the whole body of the people, as nation, were the sons of God, his firstborn:and the glory; either the ark of the covenant, which is so called in Ps 63:2, according to Kimchi; or the clouds in the tabernacle and temple, which were called the glory of the Lord, and were symbols of his presence, the same with the Shekinah; and so Aben Ezra interprets power, the ark, and glory, the Shekinah, Ps 63:2,and the covenants; not the two Testaments, Old and New, but the covenant of circumcision, made with Abraham their father, and the covenant at Sinai they entered into with the Lord; some copies, and the Vulgate Latin and Ethiopic versions, read, "the covenant":and the giving, of the law: hrwt Ntm, a way of speaking the Jews make use of when they take notice of this privilege; for it was peculiarly given to them with great solemnity by God himself, through the disposition of angels into the hands of Moses the mediator, and by him to them; and on account of this, they reckoned themselves more beloved of God than the rest of mankind and the service of God; or "the service", as in the Greek text.
So the Jews are used to call it hdwbe, "the service"; and false worship is called by them hrz hdwbe, "strange service", which is the title of one of their Misnic tracts; and here it signifies the whole worship of God, in the whole compass of it, sacrifices, prayer, praise, &c.
daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly:and the promises; both temporal and spiritual, especially such as related to the Messiah, and which now had their accomplishment. T. Bab. Zebachim, fol. 116. 1. Zohar in Lev.
fol. 5. 2, 3. Tzeror Hammor, fol. 103. 2. Vid. Pirke Abot, c. 1. sect.